After Muhammad dies in Medina, Abu Bakr is chosen as the first caliph, beginning the Rashidun Caliphate.
Date given in the Julian calendar.
Muhammad and his followers enter Mecca almost without bloodshed, making it the centre of Islam.
Rashidun forces defeat the Sasanian army in Iraq, opening the way to the capture of the capital Ctesiphon.
Rashidun Muslim forces defeat the Byzantine army, opening the way to the conquest of Syria and the Levant.
The Prophet Muhammad and his followers migrate from Mecca to Medina; the year becomes the start of the Islamic calendar.
The last Sasanian king, Yazdegerd III, is killed, completing the Arab Muslim conquest of Persia.
According to Islamic tradition, Muhammad receives his first revelation in the cave of Hira near Mecca, beginning his prophetic mission.