World History Timeline

Timeline

13 events

13th century BCE

  1. c. 1259 BCE★★★★★

    Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty

    Ramesses II and the Hittite king Hattusili III conclude one of the earliest peace treaties whose text survives.

    TreatyPolitics· Egypt, Turkey

12th century BCE

  1. c. 12th century BCE★★★★★

    Late Bronze Age collapse

    Many Eastern Mediterranean states, including the Hittite Empire, collapse or decline sharply during a prolonged period of upheaval.

    PoliticsWar· Turkey, Syria, Egypt, Greece

4th century

  1. May 11, 330★★★★★

    Dedication of Constantinople

    Emperor Constantine I dedicates Constantinople as the new capital of the Roman Empire.

    Politics· Turkey
  2. 395★★★★★

    Permanent division of the Roman Empire

    After the death of Theodosius I, the empire is divided between his two sons into Western and Eastern halves, never to be reunited.

    Politics· Italy, Turkey

6th century

  1. 529 – 534★★★★★

    Justinian's Code (Corpus Juris Civilis)

    Emperor Justinian I has Roman law codified as the Corpus Juris Civilis, the foundation of many modern civil-law systems.

    Politics· Turkey

13th century

  1. c. 1299★★★★★

    Osman I founds the Ottoman state

    Osman I establishes a principality in northwestern Anatolia, the origin of the Ottoman Empire that lasted over six centuries.

    DynastyPolitics· Turkey

16th century

  1. 1520 – 1566★★★★★

    Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent

    Suleiman I rules the Ottoman Empire at the height of its territorial, legal and cultural power.

    DynastyPolitics· Turkey

19th century

  1. November 3, 1839 – 1876★★★★★

    Tanzimat reforms begin

    The Edict of Gülhane opens the Tanzimat, a series of reforms modernising Ottoman administration, law and the army.

    Politics· Turkey
  2. June 1878 – July 1878★★★★★

    Congress of Berlin

    The European powers reorganise the Balkans after the Russo-Turkish War, recognising the independence of Serbia, Montenegro and Romania.

    TreatyPolitics· Germany, Russia, Turkey, United Kingdom, Austria, Serbia, Romania, Montenegro, Bulgaria

20th century

  1. July 1908★★★★★

    Young Turk Revolution

    The Committee of Union and Progress forces Sultan Abdul Hamid II to restore the 1876 constitution, opening the Second Constitutional Era.

    RevolutionPolitics· Turkey
  2. April 24, 1915 – 1917★★★★★

    Armenian genocide

    During the First World War, Ottoman authorities carry out mass deportations and killings of Armenians, causing roughly a million or more deaths.

    WarPolitics· Turkey, Armenia, Syria
  3. October 29, 1923★★★★★

    Republic of Turkey proclaimed

    The Grand National Assembly proclaims the Republic of Turkey, with Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) as its first president.

    PoliticsRevolution· Turkey
  4. March 3, 1924★★★★★

    Abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate

    The Turkish parliament abolishes the caliphate, ending an institution dating back to the first caliphs of Islam.

    PoliticsReligion· Turkey
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