March 12, 1930 – April 6, 1930
Gandhi leads a nonviolent march to Dandi to make salt in defiance of the British salt tax, launching the civil disobedience movement.
The All-India Muslim League adopts a resolution calling for independent states in Muslim-majority areas, a step towards the creation of Pakistan.
Troops under General Reginald Dyer fire on an unarmed crowd in Amritsar, killing hundreds and fuelling anti-colonial sentiment.
The Congress launches a campaign demanding an immediate end to British rule in India; Gandhi and other leaders are arrested.
A wartime famine in British-ruled Bengal kills an estimated two to three million people.
Bengali poet Rabindranath Tagore becomes the first Asian Nobel laureate, honoured chiefly for Gitanjali.
British India is partitioned into the independent dominions of India and Pakistan, accompanied by mass migration and violence.