Mathematician-astronomer Aryabhata completes the Aryabhatiya, treating place-value notation, an approximation of pi and the Earth's rotation.
Under the Guptas, the monastery of Nalanda in Bihar is founded and becomes Asia's foremost centre of Buddhist learning for centuries.
In the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta, the Indian mathematician Brahmagupta gives the first known rules for arithmetic with zero and negative numbers.
The monk Xuanzang travels to India and brings back hundreds of Buddhist texts, which he translates into Chinese.
Chandragupta I takes the throne, beginning the Gupta era, often regarded as a golden age of Indian science, art and literature.
The Chola king Rajaraja I completes the monumental temple to Shiva, a masterpiece of Dravidian architecture.
The fleet of the Chola king Rajendra I raids Srivijayan ports along the Strait of Malacca, weakening the maritime empire.