639 – 642★★★★★
Muslim conquest of Egypt
Rashidun forces under Amr ibn al-As take Egypt from the Byzantines and found the city of Fustat.
WarReligion· Egypt
Events this year
Ongoing
c. 3rd century – c. 9th century★★★★★
Classic period of Maya civilization
Maya city-states such as Tikal, Palenque and Calakmul reach their height in architecture, writing, astronomy and calendrics.
CultureScience· Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras
c. 3rd century – c. 11th century★★★★★
The Ghana Empire in West Africa
The Soninke Ghana Empire (Wagadu) flourished in what is now Mauritania and Mali, growing rich from control of the trans-Saharan gold and salt trade.
DynastyEconomy· Mauritania, Mali
629 – 645★★★★★
Xuanzang's pilgrimage to India
The monk Xuanzang travels to India and brings back hundreds of Buddhist texts, which he translates into Chinese.
ReligionExploration· China, India