1895★★★★★
Death of Phan Đình Phùng
Phan Đình Phùng, leader of the Hương Khê uprising, dies, marking the end of the Cần Vương movement.
DeathWar· Vietnam
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Events this year
April 17, 1895★★★★★
Treaty of Shimonoseki
The Qing cede Taiwan and the Penghu Islands to Japan and recognise Korean independence.
Treaty· China, Japan, Taiwan, South Korea
November 8, 1895★★★★★
Röntgen discovers X-rays
Wilhelm Röntgen discovers X-rays at Würzburg, opening the era of medical imaging.
Science· Germany
December 28, 1895★★★★★
Lumière brothers' first public film screening
The Lumière brothers hold a paid public film screening at the Grand Café in Paris, often regarded as the birth of cinema.
CultureTechnologyArt· France
Ongoing
1858 – 1947★★★★★
Beginning of the British Raj
After the 1857 rebellion, the Government of India Act transfers rule from the East India Company to the British Crown; the Mughal Empire formally ends.
Politics· India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, United Kingdom
1885 – 1908★★★★★
Leopold II's Congo Free State
King Leopold II of Belgium ruled the Congo as a personal possession; its forced-labour rubber regime caused mass deaths until Belgium annexed the territory in 1908.
PoliticsEconomy· DR Congo, Belgium
July 1885 – 1896★★★★★
Cần Vương movement
After a failed attack on the French at Huế, Emperor Hàm Nghi flees the capital and issues an edict calling for resistance to French rule.
WarRevolution· Vietnam, France
1894 – 1895★★★★★
Donghak Peasant Revolution
Peasants inspired by the Donghak religion revolt against corruption and foreign influence; Qing and Japanese intervention leads to the Sino-Japanese War.
RevolutionWar· South Korea
1894 – 1895★★★★★
First Sino-Japanese War
Japan defeats Qing China in a war over influence in Korea, establishing itself as a rising Asian power.
War· China, Japan, South Korea