March 26, 1827★★★★★
Death of Ludwig van Beethoven
The composer Ludwig van Beethoven dies in Vienna.
DeathArt· Austria
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Events this year
Ongoing
c. 15th century – c. 1860s★★★★★
The transatlantic slave trade
From the 16th to the 19th century, an estimated 12.5 million enslaved Africans were shipped across the Atlantic to the Americas, with profound consequences for both continents.
Economy· Ghana, Nigeria, Benin, Senegal, Angola, Brazil, United States, Portugal, United Kingdom
1639 – 1853★★★★★
Japan's sakoku isolation policy
The shogunate expels the Portuguese and severely restricts foreign contact, allowing only Dutch and Chinese trade at Nagasaki.
PoliticsEconomy· Japan
1799 – 1849★★★★★
Ranjit Singh takes Lahore, founding the Sikh Empire
Ranjit Singh captures Lahore and unites the Sikh confederacies into an empire in the Punjab.
PoliticsDynasty· Pakistan, India
1821 – 1829★★★★★
Greek War of Independence
Greeks rise against the Ottoman Empire; with intervention by Britain, France and Russia, Greece wins its independence.
WarRevolution· Greece, Turkey
1825 – 1830★★★★★
Java War
Prince Diponegoro leads a major uprising against Dutch colonial rule in Central Java; the war ends with his capture.
War· Indonesia, Netherlands