1805★★★★★
Muhammad Ali takes power in Egypt
Muhammad Ali becomes governor of Egypt under nominal Ottoman rule, launching modernising reforms and founding a dynasty that ruled until 1952.
PoliticsDynasty· Egypt
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Events this year
October 21, 1805★★★★★
Battle of Trafalgar
The British fleet under Admiral Nelson defeats the combined French and Spanish fleets, securing British naval supremacy; Nelson is killed in the battle.
War· United Kingdom, France, Spain
December 2, 1805★★★★★
Battle of Austerlitz
Napoleon defeats a combined Russian and Austrian army in the "Battle of the Three Emperors", one of his most celebrated victories.
War· Czechia, France, Austria, Russia
Ongoing
c. 15th century – c. 1860s★★★★★
The transatlantic slave trade
From the 16th to the 19th century, an estimated 12.5 million enslaved Africans were shipped across the Atlantic to the Americas, with profound consequences for both continents.
Economy· Ghana, Nigeria, Benin, Senegal, Angola, Brazil, United States, Portugal, United Kingdom
1639 – 1853★★★★★
Japan's sakoku isolation policy
The shogunate expels the Portuguese and severely restricts foreign contact, allowing only Dutch and Chinese trade at Nagasaki.
PoliticsEconomy· Japan
1799 – 1849★★★★★
Ranjit Singh takes Lahore, founding the Sikh Empire
Ranjit Singh captures Lahore and unites the Sikh confederacies into an empire in the Punjab.
PoliticsDynasty· Pakistan, India
May 14, 1804 – September 23, 1806★★★★★
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Meriwether Lewis and William Clark lead an expedition across the American West to the Pacific coast and back.
Exploration· United States