Lê Lợi launches a revolt at Lam Sơn (Thanh Hóa) against Ming rule; the ten-year struggle restores independence.
The Yongle Emperor completes the Forbidden City palace complex and moves the capital from Nanjing to Beijing.
Lam Sơn forces inflict a major defeat on the Ming army of Wang Tong southwest of Đông Quan (Hanoi).
Lam Sơn forces destroy the Ming relief army, killing its commander Liu Sheng and forcing the Ming to withdraw.
The Lam Sơn uprising triumphs over the Ming; Lê Lợi founds the Later Lê dynasty and Nguyễn Trãi writes the proclamation "Bình Ngô đại cáo".
Lê Lợi is enthroned as Emperor Lê Thái Tổ in Thăng Long, restoring the name Đại Việt and founding the Later Lê dynasty.
Ming forces defeat the Hồ dynasty (1406–1407) and annex the country as the province of Jiaozhi.